Be mindful of the hidden dangers posed by the summer sun. Your outdoor enjoyment of Canada’s stunning landscapes can lead to significant health issues, lingering long after your tan has faded.
Increasing rates of skin cancer
A recent survey indicates that 72 percent of Americans perceive tanned skin as more attractive than its untanned counterpart. Research suggests that Canadians share similar sentiments. For instance, a survey revealed that 83 percent of Albertans believe that tanned skin looks appealing.
However, the reality is that the ultraviolet rays from the sun are the primary culprits behind skin aging. “Typical indications of premature skin aging tied to sun exposure,” states Kevin Smith, MD, a dermatologist from Niagara Falls, “include fine lines, wrinkles, uneven skin tone, brown spots, and broken blood vessels.”
It doesn’t stop there. “Eventually, areas of precancerous cells known as actinic keratoses emerge on sun-damaged skin, potentially leading to skin cancers,” Dr. Smith cautions.
Skin cancer remains the most prevalent cancer type in Canada, and its incidence is on the rise. “In 2011, it was projected that nearly 80,000 Canadians would be diagnosed with skin cancer,” notes Gillian Bromfield, director of cancer control policy at the Canadian Cancer Society. “Of these cases, 5,500 involved melanoma, the most severe skin cancer form.”
“Both men and women are experiencing increases in melanoma rates,” Bromfield elaborates. She attributes this trend to shifts in Canadian habits, highlighting what she considers “statistically significant increases” in sun exposure and tanning device usage.
Fortunately, most skin cancer cases can be prevented, and nature provides options for enhancing the appearance of sun-damaged skin.
Prevention is key
Preventing sun damage is significantly easier than repairing it afterward. Try to avoid sun exposure during peak ultraviolet ray hours, which typically occur in Canada from 11 am to 4 pm, between April and September.
If you need to be outside, take these precautions to limit your summer UV exposure:
- Seek out shade whenever accessible. Consider bringing an umbrella for additional coverage.
- Wear oversized, wraparound sunglasses with UV protection.
- Dress in long sleeves, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat. Look for thick, tightly woven fabrics for better protection. For instance, a long-sleeved denim shirt has an SPF of 1700, while a white cotton shirt only has an SPF of about 7.
Be generous with sunscreen
Sunscreen can be one of your most powerful defenses against aging skin and a vital protection against skin cancer, so make an informed choice.
Sunscreen active ingredients fall into two categories: chemical sunscreens that absorb UV radiation, and mineral-based sunscreens that scatter and reflect UV light. Many products include either or both types of ingredients.
Natural mineral sunscreens are considered generally safer, as they are more stable under sunlight and less likely to infiltrate the skin’s barrier, according to the Environmental Working Group (EWG). Furthermore, mineral-based sunscreens often do not contain chemicals like oxybenzone—found in 65% of non-mineral sunscreens—and 4-MBC, which the EWG identifies as potential hormone disruptors.
When selecting a sunscreen, understand what benefits and pitfalls to consider:
- DO opt for sunscreens with minerals like titanium or zinc.
- DO ensure your sunscreen has at least an SPF of 15.
- DO consult the EWG’s Skin Deep Cosmetics Database for a rating of your selected sunscreen brand at ewg.org/skindeep.
- DO NOT choose powders or spray sunscreens, even if they are mineral-based, as they may pose a risk of inhaling nanoparticles.
- DO NOT use sunscreen that is older than three years.
“Make sun protection your primary skin care step,” advises Dr. Lisa Kellett, a Toronto dermatologist. “Apply sunscreen right after washing your face in the morning and allow it to absorb into your skin for about five minutes before putting on foundation or makeup.”
Harnessing the power of diet
While food cannot replace sunscreen, incorporating certain nutrients into your diet may bolster skin protection. While various foods are beneficial, some are particularly noteworthy.
Cocoa
Research published in the Journal of Nutrition shows that cocoa flavanols can provide protection against UV damage.
Lycopene
According to Jennifer Hill, RD, “Tomatoes and watermelon, rich in lycopene, may provide some sun protection.” Studies suggest a diet high in lycopene reduces skin sensitivity to UV rays, thus lowering the likelihood of sunburn.
Omega-3 fatty acids
These healthy fats might mitigate UV damage and prevent non-melanoma skin cancers.
Vitamin C
Research indicates that individuals who consume vitamin C-rich foods tend to have fewer wrinkles. “Fruits like strawberries, kiwis, bell peppers, and citrus are high in vitamin C, which helps protect skin from damage and aging through its antioxidant properties, and also supports collagen production,” Hill states.
Other beneficial foods include green tea, resveratrol found in red wine, and quercetin, an antioxidant in apples.
Embrace nature!
Canada is celebrated for its breathtaking natural environments. Safeguard and rejuvenate your body so that you can continue to enjoy these outdoor experiences for years to come.
Revitalizing after sun exposure
If you forget to apply sunscreen, there are natural remedies to refresh your skin and reduce the visible signs of sun damage.
- Exfoliate every other day. Regular exfoliation helps remove damaged skin cells, brightening hyperpigmentation. Look for gentle exfoliants made from ingredients like sugar or oatmeal.
- Hydrate daily. Moisturizers help plump the skin, diminishing the look of wrinkles and fine lines. Natural moisturizing agents include shea butter, nut oils, and aloe vera.
- Review ingredient labels. Don’t fall for the latest anti-aging products without checking the label. Focus on natural ingredients with scientific backing, such as black tea, vitamin E, niacinamide, and pomegranate extract, which may help combat sun damage and premature aging.
